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懷孕期  : 妳已懷孕第 4 周 - 只剩 252 天

10/6/2014

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在寶寶的成長當中,最具戲劇性且最易受傷的期間就從本週開始,而且接下來的六週都是如此。在這段期間,寶寶的所有器官開始發展與運作。雖然寶寶正處於這個「胚胎期」,卻特別容易受任何可能干擾她發展的東西影響。

成形中的寶寶現在是一個有兩層細胞(外胚層與內胚層)的胚胎,而她所有的器官與身體部分都由此發展出來。原始胎盤也是在這個節骨眼由兩層細胞組成,它的細胞將鑿開通往妳子宮內層的通道,讓妳的血液可以流入,好讓本週結束時將開始運作的成熟胎盤,可以提供養分與氧氣給妳成長中的寶寶。

此外為寶寶提供住所的羊膜囊也是這個時候出現,隨著寶寶的成長,羊膜液將為他提供緩衝保護,而負責製造寶寶的紅血球並幫忙釋出養分給寶寶的卵黃囊,也在此時準備好接替這個任務。

本週,在家驗孕棒應該可以確切地告訴妳是否懷孕了。如果妳的結果是陽性的,恭喜妳!慶祝一下吧(但不要喝酒!),然後打電話預約妳的醫生,安排妳第一次產前檢查。

有些醫生要等妳至少 8 週時才會見妳的,但別把妳所有的問題都留到那個時候才問。如果妳正在服用任何藥物,無論是不是處方藥,請問一下醫生可不可以繼續使用。如果妳還沒吃維他命,現在就開始吃產前維他命吧。

至於新症狀,許多新手孕婦都抱怨會胃氣脹。懷孕會使消化減緩,給腸胃裡頭的細菌更多時間去打碎食物,進而增加發酵及產生氣體。

找出胃氣脹的食物元兇並減少食用。最會造成氣脹的食物有:豆、椰菜花、西蘭花、蘆筍、洋蔥、梨子,以及碳酸飲料。
不要吃大餐,反而要少吃多餐。
吃東西時不要說話,要細嚼慢嚥。
用餐時限制液體的攝取 (可在兩餐之間飲用)。
用玻璃杯喝東西,不要用瓶子或吸管,也不要大口喝飲料。

根據德拉威州多佛市生殖內分泌學家Dr. Ronald Feinberg(羅那芬柏)的說法,出血是因為寶寶的早期胎盤鑽入子宮內層時,有些血管可能被穿破,造成些微出血。這類出血,沒什麼好擔心的。

許多婦女甚至沒有注意到它。如果妳有,很可能就發生在月經差不多要來的時候。如果出血量大,或者出血伴隨著腹痛,請趕快看醫生。

http://www.johnsonsbaby.com.hk/pregnancy/pregnancy_week_4.aspx



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