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懷孕期 : 妳已懷孕第 24 周 - 只剩 112 天

14/6/2014

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图片
寶寶正在穩定成長中,比上個星期她又重了 1/4 磅。由於她的身高大約一英呎長,所以看起來很瘦,但她的身體則照比例變豐滿。

寶寶的皮膚很薄、呈半透明狀,而且還皺皺的;她的大腦正迅速生長,她的味蕾可能已經開始作用了。肺部正在發育呼吸「樹」的「分支」以及製造界面活化劑的細胞。界面活化劑是一種可以幫助氣囊膨脹的物質。

妳的寶寶可以聽到越來越多聲音了,妳可能也注意到她會被大聲、突然的噪音給嚇到。但她可能對家中常聽到的聲音感到習慣,如小狗的吠聲、吸塵器的轟轟聲等。許多新手爸爸媽媽在寶寶剛出生時對於這些聲音一點都不膽怯的表現感到驚訝,但如果妳仔細想想,寶寶已經有好幾個月的時間適應這些聲音了。

子宮的頂端大約比妳的肚臍高一吋左右,這表示現在妳的子宮大概是一個足球的大小。隨著腹部及胸部皮膚的伸展,妳有時可能會覺得有點癢,如果妳的皮膚是乾性的,良好的保濕應該會有所幫助。妳可能也發現眼睛對光敏感,而且有沙沙的和乾燥的感覺,這是一種俗稱為乾眼症的正常懷孕症狀。為了緩和不舒服的感覺,可以使用人工淚液來增加保濕度。

覺得鞋子有點緊嗎?腫脹可能是部分原因,但懷孕賀爾蒙亦會讓妳全身的韌帶放鬆,造成腳骨分開。
大多是孕婦在 24 到 28 週時會做葡萄糖篩檢測試(或稱為妊娠糖尿病檢測或 GCT)。這是用來檢查妊娠糖尿病(懷孕期間的一種高血糖狀況)的,如果沒有治療的話,高血糖會造成寶寶過度的成長,尤其是上半身,因而增加妳陰道生產困難的風險,或增加剖腹產的機會。這同時也會增加寶寶出生時產生低血糖等併發症的風險。GCT 檢測結果陽性不表示妳有妊娠糖尿病,但那表示妳應該進一步做葡萄糖耐量測試 (GTT) 來確定。

如果平時穿的鞋子不像以前那樣合適,可買幾雙比現在穿的鞋子大半號或一號的舒適、多功能鞋。懷孕期間腳變大是很正常的,而且可能會是永久的,因此在妳產後將穿破很多新鞋。妳現在最好的賭注就是像木屐、人字拖、帆船鞋或無跟拖鞋之類的無帶便鞋。這些鞋子不但舒服,而且當妳的肚子越來越大之後,妳也會很高興買了這些鞋,因為妳不需要跟鞋扣、鞋帶纏鬥。找低跟、穩定的鞋子,好幫妳在增加了多餘的重量時,能保持平衡。

如果沒有治療的話,妊娠糖尿病會對寶寶造成危險。如果檢測結果呈陽性反應,那代表妳的懷孕賀爾蒙已經讓妳無法使用胰島素,結果血糖值會更高,或導致血糖過高症。

血液中額外的葡萄糖經過胎盤,可能會讓寶寶儲藏過多的脂肪,導致像是生產時傷及肩膀或寶寶出生時低血糖等問題。妊娠糖尿病的情況可經由飲食加以控制,而多數婦女的葡萄糖指數會降回正常值。但即使生產後葡萄糖指數降回正常值,持續維持飲食計畫會是個好主意,因為有妊娠糖尿病的婦女在晚年罹患糖尿病的可能性相當高。如果控制飲食,可以減少罹患該疾病的危險。加州帕羅阿圖路西勒怕卡得兒童醫院的婦產科專家Dr. Mark Taslimi (馬克達司理米博士) 表示:「懷孕是發現自己是否具有發展糖尿病基因的好機會。」

http://www.johnsonsbaby.com.hk/pregnancy/pregnancy_week_24.aspx



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