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懷孕期 : 妳已懷孕第 12 周 - 只剩 196 天

10/6/2014

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图片
妳的寶寶已經有2英吋大 ! 而且有半安士重了。她的臉越來越像人類,原本位於頭部兩側的眼睛也漸漸往臉部中央靠攏,而且她的耳朵也接近最後的位置。成長快速而凸入臍帶之中的腸子,現在也開始向下腹腔生長。

她的腎臟也開始運作並製造尿液進入她的膀胱,她的神經細胞開始迅速繁殖,而且神經叢(腦中的神經迴路)正在形成。此時妳的寶寶已養成更多反射動作,包括吸吮,而且假如妳戳自己的肚子,她甚至會蠕動,然而有好幾個禮拜妳可能不會感覺到他的移動。

妳的子宮開始上升至骨盆的骨頭之上,此時妳可以感覺到子宮的頂部剛好低於妳腹部。雖然可能再過幾個星期妳才真的需要孕婦裝,但毫無疑問妳應該已經注意到自己腰部變粗了。妳可能會經歷胃灼熱的痛苦(一般稱為胃酸倒流),那是一種燃燒的感覺,通常是從妳胸骨的底部延伸至下喉嚨處。這是懷孕常見的副作用,是由荷爾蒙及妳身體的物理變化所引起。荷爾蒙能讓區隔胃和食道的瓣膜鬆弛,而讓胃酸回流到食道,特別是當妳斜倚著的時候。這些胃酸會產生令人不舒服的灼熱感,這種痛苦會很強烈並會分散注意力,通常會讓妳沒有食慾或失眠。

少吃多餐並細心咀嚼。
不要吃會讓症狀更嚴重的食物,如炸的、辣的、油膩的或酸的食物。巧克力更不可以碰。
不要喝汽水或含咖啡因的飲料,橘子汁也不行。兩餐之間不要喝流質的食物。
最好飯後一小時才躺下,而且睡眠可以讓胃酸留在胃裡。
假如這些方法都沒有幫助的話,請跟妳的醫生討論,看看有沒有懷孕期間使用的安全的治療胃灼熱的處方藥。

雖然有些理論,但還是沒有人真正知道為什麼孕婦看到食物會害怕或一聞到巧克力就想嘔吐。很多婦女在懷孕期間嗅覺比較敏感,正好可以說明為什麼會對某些食物反感。有些味道 - 像大蒜 - 可能因為味道太刺激以致於失去了它該有的美味。「因為黃體激素會降低消化道的運作 - 因此孕婦就會很直覺的遠離食物,而且蔬菜類像花椰菜可能很難消化,」聖路易斯華盛頓大學婦產科醫學聯合教授Dr. Gil Gross(吉爾葛羅斯博士)說。

http://www.johnsonsbaby.com.hk/pregnancy/pregnancy_week_12.aspx



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