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懷孕期 : 妳已懷孕第 20 周 - 只剩 140 天

14/6/2014

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图片
寶寶現在的重量大概是 10 又1/2 安士左右,她從頭到屁股大概長 6 又1/2 英吋,從頭到腳跟則大約是 10 英吋。

一種稱為胎兒皮脂的滑溜白色物質正覆蓋著寶寶全身。胎兒皮脂可以保護寶寶的皮膚,不受羊水的刺激影響。這層滑溜的外衣會在寶寶通過產道時脫落。

妳的寶寶現在吞嚥的次數增加了,這對她的消化系統是很好的練習。她也開始產生胎便了,胎便是一種由死細胞、消化分泌物和寶寶吞入的羊水所組成的黑色、黏稠狀的物質。胎便會在寶寶的腸內累積,妳會在第一次替她換那髒骯的尿布時看到(不過還是有些寶寶會在出生前或生產過程中,就把胎便排出來)。

妳的子宮頂端現在大概已經在肚臍的高度了,妳可能已經胖了十磅左右。要有心理準備,從現在開始妳會每週平均胖一磅左右。(如果妳剛懷孕時體重過輕,妳可能要再多胖一點;如果妳懷孕時已經過重,或許妳要少胖一點。)要確定妳有攝取足夠的鐵質,它是用來形成血紅素的主要礦物質,血紅素則是紅血球中負責攜帶氧氣的物質。在懷孕期間,為了發育中的寶寶和妳的胎盤,妳的身體需要更多的鐵質來跟上妳增加的血量。富含鐵質的食物包括紅的瘦肉、家禽類、魚類、扁豆和其他的豆科植物,還有波菜和高鐵早餐麥片。

妳有注意到輕微的牙齦出血嗎?敏感性牙齦是懷孕期常會遇到的抱怨之一。升高的黃體激素與雌激素濃度,還有血管的改變,可能會讓牙齦對牙菌斑中的細菌產生不同的反應,結果造成腫脹,比較脆弱的牙齦在妳使用牙線或刷牙時,可能會流血。這被稱為「懷孕齒齦炎」,大約半數以上的孕婦都會受到影響。

如果妳的牙齦會流血,而妳通常使用硬毛的牙刷,那麼該是換成軟毛牙刷的時候了;還有用牙線時也別太用力。在懷孕期間每天至少刷兩次牙,並且使用牙線是很重要的。這樣做可以減少罹患牙齦相關疾病的機會。有些懷孕併發症,像是先兆子癇,就被認為和牙齦健康有關。別放棄牙齒保健。如果妳的牙齦一直疼痛或流血,請打電話給妳的牙醫;即使醫生覺得還好,在懷孕期間妳還是至少要去見妳的牙醫一次。

紐約州布魯克林長島學院醫院婦產科超音波處主任Dr. Natan Haratz-Rubenstein(納塔哈瑞茲魯賓史坦博士)說,在 20 週時,妳會有一次主要的超音波檢查,妳的醫生或技術人員會對寶寶和子宮進行完整的檢查。她會檢查寶寶的年紀和成長狀況,妳的羊水高度,寶寶的腦部和心臟結構(還有其他已經發育的器官),同時還會收集一些基本資料,像是妳懷了幾個寶寶等。這項檢查通常歷時不會超過一小時,通常可以檢查出一些已經發展了的異常或身體的畸形狀況。

http://www.johnsonsbaby.com.hk/pregnancy/pregnancy_week_20.aspx



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